Dumping and importing from/to MySQL in an UTF-8 safe way

Dumping safely

# Do not do this, since it might screw up encoding
mysqldump -uroot -p database > utf8.dump # this is bad

Better do:

mysqldump -uroot -p database -r utf8.dump

Note that when your MySQL server is not set to UTF-8 you need to do mysqldump --default-character-set=latin1 (!) to get a correctly encoded dump. In that case you will also need to remove the SET NAMES='latin1' comment at the top of the dump, so the target machine won't change its UTF-8 charset when sourcing.

If you only want to dump the structure without data, use

mysqldump -uroot -p --no-data database -r utf8.dump

Importing a dump safely

# Do not do this, since it might screw up encoding
mysql -u username -p database < dump_file # this is bad

Better do:

mysql -uroot -p --default-character-set=utf8 database
mysql> SET names 'utf8'
mysql> SOURCE utf8.dump

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Switch to UTF-8 charset in Mysql on Ubuntu

When installing Mysql on Ubuntu the default character set is probably latin-1. Since Ubuntu uses UTF-8 for most other things this may be little strange. But it is easy to change.

The Mysql configuration file /etc/mysql/my.cnf has a magic line:

!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/

This will make it include settings on the subdirectory conf.d. It's not recommended to change themy.cnf file directly since it will cause problems when upgrading Ubuntu/Mysql to a new version.

Create a new file: /etc/mysql/conf.d/utf8_charset.cnf with the following contents:

[mysqld]

default-character-set=utf8

character-set-server=utf8

collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci

skip-character-set-client-handshake

[client]

default-character-set=utf8

Restart mysql and you will have UTF-8 as character set:

$ mysql -u root -p -e 'show variables like "%character%";show variables like "%collation%"';

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| Variable_name            | Value                      |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| character_set_client     | utf8                       |

| character_set_connection | utf8                       |

| character_set_database   | utf8                       |

| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |

| character_set_results    | utf8                       |

| character_set_server     | utf8                       |

| character_set_system     | utf8                       |

| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

+----------------------+-----------------+

| Variable_name        | Value           |

+----------------------+-----------------+

| collation_connection | utf8_unicode_ci |

| collation_database   | utf8_unicode_ci |

| collation_server     | utf8_unicode_ci |

+----------------------+-----------------+

if you want to change the DB

alter database <database> character set utf8 collate utf8_unicode_ci;

Remote MySQL Access

GRANT ALL ON *.* TO root@192.168.1.1   IDENTIFIED BY 'palavra-pass'   WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
We just have to tell Mysql to allow remote logins.
sudo vi /etc/mysql/my.cnf
Out-of-the-box, MySQL only allows connections from the localhost identified by the IP Address of 127.0.0.1.
We need to remove that restriction, so find the line that says
bind-address = 127.0.0.1


netstat -tupan | grep mysql